Open Access (OA) stands for the free access to scientific information. The data can be viewed without restrictions on the internet and can be downloaded, read, printed or distributed freely. All the rights of the author to his contribution for the scientific process are maintained.

Scientific publications in open access journals are published very fast and can therefore be found, distributed and cited quickly. The quality control is mostly of the same manner as in traditionally published journals.

The enormous increase in subscription prices of the established publishers have forced libraries to cancel many subscriptions in the past years. Open access shows an alternative way for scientists to publish their articles, whereby new ways of financing the publication fees are found. Many research organisations support this new path of free access to publicly financed scientific results: Berlin declaration of open access to scientific knowledge.

In the "golden road" scientific work is directly published in an open access journal or by an open-access publisher. The costs which occur by publishing open access journals are covered via different models.

In the author financed model the author pays the publication fees or article processing charges directly. Another possibility is financing the fees via institutional memberships in some publication plattforms (such as BioMedCentral). Some journals do not require any fee. The Journal for Music and Performance (Act - Zeitschrift für Musik und Performance ) for example is published at the University of Bayreuth. Funding from the DFG could successfully be raised for this journal.

In the "green road" scientific work is published via a document server or an institutional repository. In case the work has already been published it is a so called parallel publication. Specific scientific document servers exist for certain scientific disciplines (such as arXiv, SSOAR, etc.). The University of Bayreuth provides a publication and document server called EPub Bayreuth where members of the University of Bayreuth can publish their work. Via this service it is also possible to publish series as open access (for examples see the Open Access series in EPub Bayreuth).

Predatory open access is the attempt to exploit the business model of open access. Some publishers try to use the "golden road" of open access in order to gain money from the publishing fees without providing the editorial and publishing services of regular open access publishers. In recent years the number of these suspicious publishers has dramatically increased.

Jahr	Number of publishers
2011	18
2012	23
2013	225
2014	477
2015	693
2016	923
2017	1155

Scientists are lured into publishing in mostly relatively new journals without giving information about the publication fees. If an article is submitted to these journals a transfer of copyright has sometimes already taken place. The scientist then receives a notice of the publication fee and maybe even additional requests. He then no longer has the possibility to publish his article elsewhere if he decides not to publish in this journal anymore. Some of these publishers are letter-box companies where the adress of the editor is not in the same country as the bankaccount where the fee is to be transfered to.

Complaints associated with predatory open-access publishing:

• articles (even nonsens- and joke-articles) are quickly published with little or without any quality control.
• information about publication fees is given after the article has been submitted.
• aggressive recruiting of scientists (even using spam), to publish in the journal or act as an editor.
• listing of scientists as editors without their consent and not deleting the names upon being asked to.
• listing of totally fabricated scientists as editors.
• copying the style and the name of well established journals for tricking scientists.

A list of these suspicious journals and publishers was maintained by the librarian Jeffrey Beall from the University of Colorado Denver. Unfortunately the list was taken offline in January 2017 due to "threats & politics". The cached versions from internet-archiving services are still available. The list was published online together with a row of criteria (cache of the WayBackMachine) with which scientists can discover if a journal or publisher is to be trusted and with which he evaluates phoney publishers.

The list has become known as the Beall's List of Predatory Publishers (cache of the WayBackMachine).
In addition there is the Beall's List of Predatory standalone Journals (cache of the WayBackMachine).

For his work and clarification he receives applause from representatives of the open access movement as well as critique and threats from the enlisted publishers.

The University Library also has a special site with more information on Predatory Publishing.

Your article should meet the following needs:

• the article is published in a genuine open access journal which uses an approved quality control. References can be found at the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). Journals (e.g. from MDPI) which are not (or no longer) included in the DOAJ cannot be funded from the Open Access Publication Fund (articles) (see Journals added to and withdrawn from DOAJ). For articles that appear in journals that are no longer listed in the DOAJ at the time of publication or invoicing of the article, the date of submission determines whether or not funding is possible.
• as a member of the University of Bayreuth you are responsible for the payment of the publication fees as "submitting author" or "corresponding author".
• The publication is published as open access under a Creative Commons license (e.g. CC-BY, CC-BY-SA,...) to enable legally secure reuse.

Application for funding is possible as soon as the article is submitted to the open access journal but coverage of costs can only be made available for articles whose invoice have been received. A notification to the open access team via oa@uni-bayreuth.de is sufficient.

When applying for funding the following information is needed:

• name and contact data
• title of the article
• title of the journal
• expected date of publication
• expected costs

Please send us the original invoice via email to oa@uni-bayreuth.de. The invoice should be issued to you personally, with the address of the chair at the University of Bayreuth. If the publisher is from abroad please let the invoice be given to you zero-rated for VAT (without value added tax) as the tax is being paid from us directly. It is necessary that the VAT-ID is mentioned to the publisher and that it is enlisted on the invoice.
The VAT-ID is: DE 811264317.

Support for the financing of APCs for Gold Open Access publications can be applied for from the Publication Fund. Other fees incurred in the context of a publication, such as submission fees, page charges or color charges, are generally not eligible for funding.

In addition, each article should contain a reference to the funding in the acknowledgements. Please refer to the requirements on our information page on Funding Acknowledgements.

To apply for funding from the Open Access Publishing Fund please use our webform.

Please take notice: Requests for funding or invoices for OA publications can only be processed by the OA team of the UB if a corresponding request has been submitted in parallel via our web form. The web form contains binding guidelines for inserting the Funding Acknowledgement. If the applicant declares that no Funding Acknowledgement will be included in the publication or if the publication does not contain a Funding Acknowledgement after it has been published, funding from the OA Article Fund/Monofund will not be possible and we reserve the right to reclaim any amounts paid as part of the funding.

For further inquiries about funding opportunities, please feel free to contact the OA Support Team: oa@uni-bayreuth.de